Back azimuth is defined as what?

Back azimuth is defined as what?

• A. The opposite direction of an azimuth obtained by adding or subtracting 180 degrees
• B. The angle between grid north and a line
• C. The angle between magnetic north and a line
• D. The direction toward true north

Answer: (A)

Back azimuth is the opposite direction along the line you’re measuring. It’s obtained by adding or subtracting 180 degrees from the forward azimuth, then normalizing to 0–360 degrees. For example, a line from A to B with an azimuth of 045 degrees has a back azimuth from B to A of 225 degrees. If the forward azimuth is 210 degrees, the back azimuth is 030 degrees. This 180-degree relationship holds whether you’re using true, grid, or magnetic north. The other options describe the line’s angle relative to different north references, not the opposite bearing along the line.

Back azimuth is the opposite direction along the line you’re measuring. It’s obtained by adding or subtracting 180 degrees from the forward azimuth, then normalizing to 0–360 degrees. For example, a line from A to B with an azimuth of 045 degrees has a back azimuth from B to A of 225 degrees. If the forward azimuth is 210 degrees, the back azimuth is 030 degrees. This 180-degree relationship holds whether you’re using true, grid, or magnetic north. The other options describe the line’s angle relative to different north references, not the opposite bearing along the line.